davis



s SheetS-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

I G! H. DAVIS;

' TYPE WRITING MACHINE. 4 V No. 560,572. Patentea May 19, 1896.

ANDREW EMANAM. PHOTOIIMQWASNINGTONJE.

(No Model.) v SSheets-Sheet 2.

G. H. DAVIS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 560,572. Patented May 19, 1896.

{I'M m in I wa la/ewes %,4ib, 100W) if (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. H. DAVIS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 560,572. Patented May 19, 1896.

UNITED STATES PATENT Enron.

GEORGE HOIVLETT DAVIS, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 560,572, dated May 19, 1896. Application filed October 2, 1894. Renewed April 27, 1896. Serial No. 589,829. (No model.)

T0 to whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE I'IOIVLETT DA- vrs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a certain new, useful, and valuable Improvement in Electrical Type-VVriting Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My present invention relates to improvements in electrical type-writing machines,and has for its objects, first, to provide a simple, practical, and economical construction and arrangement of electrical magnets which when energized operate the type-bars with greater speed and regularity than can be done by the force of the hand alone; second, to provide an ingenious keyboard which is perfectly adjustable in every particular, unlikely to get out of order, and effecting the energization of any independent magnet or series of magnets by the slightest pressure upon the respective keys; third, to provide a peculiar letter-spacing mechanism which is adapted to drive the carriage forward a letter-space upon each full movement of any type-bar or upon operating the spacing-lever or key; fourth, to provide a particularly novel and effectual mechanism whereby by touching a key the carriage is automatically returned or shifted and at the same time the platen-roller revolved and the line-spacing effected; fifth, to so construct and arrange the mechanism performing their several functions as to render the machine in its entirety even less complicated or likely to get out of order than an ordinary type-writing machine, and which in use will prove far less laborious to operate, permit more rapid writing, produce perfectly uniform work, and otherwise prove more efficient than an ordinary mechanical machine. I accomplish these ends by the mechanism illustrated in the several sheets of accom panying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of my complete machine, showing its general appearance and the relative positions of nearly all its parts. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed View of one form of key and contact. Fig. 4 is a modified form of the same. Fig. 5 is a view of the under side of the keyboard. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic View showing the several cir cuits connected to the keyboard. Fig. 7, Sheet 3, is a rear elevation of the machine. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detailed View showing a part of the letter-spacing mechanism. Fig.

'9 is a perspective view showing the general construction and relative positions of the cooperating parts of the mechanism for linespacing and returning carriage. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the free end of the armature-lever 37, showing the clutch. Fig. 11 is a modified form of mechanism to be used in connection with my improved pawl, instead of the rod provided with downwardly-projecting pins 30.

I will give a particular and detailed description of the several parts of the machine which are novel, and which parts are specifically pointed out in the claims concluding this specification, while to such parts of the machine as are old and which I have found necessary to show in order to better describe my improvements I shall describe only so far as they affect the operation of the novel parts.

I am fully aware that electrically-operated type-writers are not entirely new, but their construction heretofore has embodied such complicated, impractical, and expensive elements as to render them undesirable for general use, which is evidenced by the fact that up to this time there is no electrical typewriting machine on the market. Furthermore, my improvements are such that they may be applied to nearly any make of typewriting machine, and I have chosen in this instance to show them as applied to a Remington typewriter.

Similar numerals-of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The standards 1, the plate 2, the carriage 3, having the roller 4, handle 5, frame 6, &c., together with the basket 7, and fulcrumed typebars 8, are all of a well-kn0wn construct-ion and do not form a part of this invention.

I provide a base-board 9, preferably of hard wood and having a circular opening 10, directly under and about the size of the basket 7. Around this opening is circumferentially arranged a series of magnets 11, the inner ends 12 of the armatures 13 of which are pivotally connected to the lower ends of the rods 14, which are connected at their upper ends to the type-bars 8 near their fulcrum, as clearly shown at Fig. 2.

Each type-bar is connected to its respective magnet in the manner described, so that whenever said magnet is energized its armature 13 instantly pulls down the rod 14, causing the type-bar S to be raised at its inner end, and its type or character impinges and prints through a ribbon upon the paper upon roller 4:.

The energization of any particular magnet is effected whenever one of the series of keys 15 with which said magnet is in circuit is de pressed slightly, so as to cause the free end of the spring 16 to come in contact with the metallic frame 17, completing the circuit therethrough, as shown at Fig. (3. The said frame 17 is hinged upon a bar which is supported by uprights or standards secured to the base-board 9, as is also the board 18, through which the said keys 15 work, and to the under side of which are secured the said contact-springs 16. The said frame 17 and board 18 may be independently or conjointly raised to a vertical position, thus taking up but little room when folded up, and permitting them to be conveniently separated whenever it is desired to examine the connections. By means of the arm 19 working in the rack 20 the key-board, consisting of said frame 17 and board 18, may be adjusted at any angle to suit the operator by simply moving the lower end of said arm 19 in or out on said rack 20. To the lower edge of said board 18 is hinged the spacing-bar 21, which when depressed forms a contact with the piece 22, thus completing the circuit through the rear magnet 23, operating the letter-spacing double pawl 24, while when one of the keys 15 is depressed the circuit is also completed through this rear magnet 23, as well as through the one of the type-magnets 11 in circuit with said key, as will be understood from a study of the diagram of the circuits shown at Fig. 6.

The double pawl or escapement 24-,arranged upon the upper end of arm 25, is normally kept pressed outward against the spring 26, and is pressed inward whenever any one of the keys 15 or the spacing-bar 21 is depressed, owing to the inward movement or attraction of the armature 27 thus caused. The pawlteeth 27 and 28 alternately engage with each of the downwardly-projecting pins or teeth 30, first the tooth 2S forcing a pin forward a half letter-space and slightly beyond the point of tooth 27 which in its next forward movement drives the pin forward another half letter-space and thus permits the tooth 28 to engage with the next pin to the left, as' looked at from the rear, when the same action is repeated upon the energization of the magnet 23. By this peculiar pawl the carriage may be driven against a spring instead of feeding toward a spring, as in most writing-machines, and when operating against a spring or weight the spring-catches 31 32 (see Fig. 7) are employed to engage with and prevent the pins from receding whenever they are driven forward a half letter-space by the alternate action of the teeth 27 and 28.

The carriage-returnin g mechanism consists of the chain or cord 33, connected to the rear end of the line-spacing arm 31, passing loosely through a pulley at 35 and at 36 through the end of armature-arm 37, and around a springdrum 38, which drum may be adjusted as to only wind up the slack of the chain, or it may be set to exert a considerable backward pull upon the carriage, so that by simply releasing the rack the carriage is drawn back to the extreme right; butI prefer to adjust the drum 38 with only a slight tension and employ a magnet 39, which when a circuit is completed through it by pressing down the key -10 the armature 37 descends, biting and pulling the cord 33, which first pulls down the arm 34: and revolves the plate 44: one or two notches, according as the regulating-arm at]. is set, and immediately after which the entire pull of the armature-lever 37 is exerted upon the cord and serves to quickly jerk the carriage into motion,whereby it rides freely on its support, and this action, assisted by the slight tension exerted by the drum 38, carries the carriage back to the extreme right, ready for another line. The biting of the cord 33 is effected in the commencement of the downward movement of the armature 37, owing to the inward pull upon the sliding end 42 by the spring 43 overcoming the spring 14, which keeps said sliding end 42 normally pressed outward or open.

It will be understood that the rod carrying the pins 30 is mounted on a rocking frame, as is usual in type-writers now in use, and by simply tilting or pressing down the forward portion of said rocking frame the rear portion or pin-rod is raised, thereby freeing said pins from the escapement or pawls 27 X and 2S and allowing the carriage to return to its startingpoint. In my invention the pin-rod is raised out of engagement with the pawls by means of the end of the arm 34: coming in contact with the forward portion of the rocking frame during its downward movement exerted by the pull on the cord or chain 33 by the armature-lever 37 when the key f0 is depressed.

In order to regulate the strength of the se ries of type-magnets, I employ in ci rcuit therewith a resistanee-box 45, which, by simply turning its handle 46, regulates the impression-11. 6., if considerable impression or a hard stroke is desired for manifoldin g the handle -16 would be turned so as to cut out all the resistance.

Instead of employing the form of contactkeys 15 I may employ that shown at Fig. t,

IIO

.ing-frame, and a series of electrically-connected keys carried by the keyboard, said keyboard and its supporting-frame being adapted to be folded upward, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the frame thereof, of a keyboardframe suitably hinged in front of said typewriter frame, and a hinged keyboard supported by the keyboard-frame, said keyboard and its supporting-frame being hinged at a point below the top of the type-writer frame and adapted when not in use to be folded upward against and supported by said latternamed frame, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the base thereof provided with upwardly-projecting standards, a rod connecting the upper ends of said standards, a metallic frame hinged to the rod, and a keyboard hinged to the rod above the frame, said keyboard and frame being adj ustablysupported.

l. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the base thereof provided with standards, a rod journaled in said standards, an electrically-connected metallic frame hinged to the rod, and forming electrical contacts, a keyboard hinged to the rod and adapted to rest on the metallic frame, a series of electrically-connected keys arranged on the keyboard, an d adapted when depressed to complete an electric circuit, substantially as described.

5. In an electrical type-writing machine the combination with the base thereof, provided with standards, a rod connecting said standards, an electrically-connected metallic frame hinged to said rod, cross-bars on said frame, a keyboard hinged to the rod above the metallic frame, a series of keys arranged in apertures in said keyboard, and a series of electrically-connected contact-springs secured to the under side of the keyboard and adapted when depressed to complete an electric circuit as and for the purpose described.

6. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the movable carriage, of a cord or chain connected to said carriage, an electromagnet and armature, a clutchblock sliding upon the end of said armature, and springs for controlling the movement of the clutch-block, said cord or chain passing between the armature and clutch-block and adapted to be grasped thereby, as and for the purpose described.

7. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the movable carriage, of a cord or chain connected to said carriage, an electro magnet and armature, and a clutch at one end of said armature adapted to grasp the chain or cord when the electromagnet is energized, as and for the purpose described.

8. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage and platen, a lever for rotating said platen, a cord connected to the rear end of said lever and to the carriage, a drum around which the other end of said cord is wound, an electromagnet and armature-lever therefor, and a clutch on the end of the armature-lever, adapted to grasp and impart a sudden jerk to the carriage and platen-lever, when the magnet is energized, substantially as described.

9. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the movable carriage provided with a rack-bar, of a double-toothed pawl, having inclined teeth, adapted to engage with the rack-bar, and an armaturelever adapted to vibrate the pawl, whereby the rack-bar and carriage are advanced substantially as described.

10. In an electrical typewriting machine, the combination with an adjustable keyboard, of a series of circumferentially-arranged electromagnets adapted to operate the type-levers, a movable paper-carriage and platen provided at its rear portion with a bar provided with downwardly-extending pins, an electrically-operated double-toothed pawl adapted to advance the paper-carriage, alever for rotating the platen, a cord connected to one end of said lever and passing over a pulley on the pin-rod, a spring-drum connected to the base of the machine and around which the opposite end of the cord is wound, an armature-lever located intermediate the two ends of said cord and below the pin-rod, and a clutch on the end of said armature-lever adapted to grasp the cord, as and for the purpose described.

11. In an electrical type-writing machine,

the combination with the movable carriage provided with a toothed bar of a springpressed vibrating arm j ournaled at its lower end to the machine-frame below the toothed bar, a pair of wedge-shaped teeth mounted upon the upper end of said arm and engaging with the toothed bar, an electromagnet and armature-lever arranged to vibrate the arm and feed the carriage forward, and springcatches acting upon the toothed bar, as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the movable carriage provided at its rear portion with a toothed bar, of a vibrating arm journaled at its lower end to the machine-frame, a pair of wedge- IIO 10 to hold the carriage against backward movement when the latter is being fed forward by the double-toothed pawl, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE IIOXVLETT DAV 1S.

Vitncsses:

\ V M. F. Ln'r'r, CHAS. T. DAVIS, Jr. 

